영어 초고난도 빈칸추론 2탄!

Sometimes explanation is achieved by assuming some fact that is not or cannot be observed. For instance, the barking of a dog might be explained by the assumption that a stranger is approaching the house; and the occurrence of marine fossils in mountains is explained by assuming that the ground was at some time at a lower level and covered by the ocean. But the unobserved fact is explanatory only because it _______________________ - dogs bark when strangers approach, marine animals do not live on the land. General laws thus can be used for inferences uncovering new facts, and explanation becomes an instrument for supplementing the world of direct experience with inferred objects and occurrences. 

① contradicts the general law by revealing holes in its logic 

② itself is an identical twin of the general law and its examples 

③ reveals the inconsistency of observed facts explained by the general law 

④ shows the observed fact to be the manifestation of a general law 

⑤ supplements the general law as a conclusion integrating the facts observed 

원문 : Hans Reichenbach, The Rise of Scientific Philosophy